Isikhwama se-PE siyisikhwama esivamile empilweni yethu yansuku zonke, esisetshenziselwa zonke izinhlobo zokupakisha izithelo nemifino, izikhwama zokuthenga, ukupakisha imikhiqizo yezolimo, njll. Ukwenza isikhwama sefilimu sepulasitiki esibonakala silula kungaba nzima kakhulu. Inqubo yokukhiqiza isikhwama se-PE ifaka phakathi izinhlayiya zepulasitiki - ukuxuba ukushisa - ukwelula i-extrusion - ukwelashwa nge-elekthronikhi -; Isikhwama se-PE ngokuyinhloko siyizinqubo eziningana ezingenhla, ezilula ngemva kwezinqubo ezintathu: ifilimu yokufutha ------ ukuphrinta ------- ukwenza izikhwama.
Inqubo yokunyathelisa izikhwama ze-PE kufanele inake ini?
I-Polyethylene, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphansi (sebenzisa izinga lokushisa kufika ku--70 ~ -100), ukuqina kwamakhemikhali, ukuguguleka okuningi kwe-asidi ne-alkali (ngokungabekezeleli i-oxidizing acid), okungancibiliki ezinyibilikisini ezijwayelekile ekushiseni kwegumbi, ukumuncwa okuphansi, ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kukagesi. Kodwa-ke, i-polyethylene iyazwela ekucindezelekeni kwemvelo (isenzo samakhemikhali nesomshini) futhi ayinamandla okuguga kokushisa. Izakhiwo ze-polyethylene ziyahlukahluka kusuka ezinhlotsheni kuya ezinhlotsheni, ikakhulukazi kuye ngesakhiwo sama-molecule kanye nobuningi. Imikhiqizo enobuningi obuhlukene (0.91-0.96 G/CM3) ingatholakala ngezindlela ezahlukene zokukhiqiza. I-Polyethylene ingacutshungulwa ngezindlela ezijwayelekile zokwakha i-thermoplastic (bheka ukucubungula kwePlastics).
Yimaphi amanothi ahlobene nenqubo ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi?
Inqubo yokufutha ifilimu kufanele inake amaphuzu alandelayo:
1. Isilinganiso sezinto ezingavuthiwe: ngokwezidingo ezahlukahlukene zezikhwama ze-PE, ukulungiswa kwezilinganiso ezahlukene zezinto zokusetshenziswa. Isibonelo: i-anti-static, i-anti-rust, ukunciphisa, i-electric conductivity, i-biodegradation kanye nezinye izidingo, engeza izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene isibonelo: ukusebenzisa obomvu, omnyama, umbala kanye neminye imibala, engeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemibala. Ngokuya ngokusobala, ukuqina, amandla okudabuka, ukukhipha i-vacuum kanye nezinye izidingo, shintsha izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo noma izinhlobo zezinto ze-PE. Isibonelo: ngokwezidingo ezikhethekile, gcizelela izidingo zokucaca okuphezulu, ukudabuka okunamandla, ukuvuleka okuhle, ukuze ushintshe isilinganiso sezinto zokusetshenziswa.
2. inqubo yokunyathelisa ifilimu ngokufutha, isidingo sokucutshungulwa nge-elekthronikhi, ngalesi sikhathi ukunaka amandla okucutshungulwa nge-elekthronikhi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla okucubungula nge-elekthronikhi e-PE (DAYIN) anele ukuqinisekisa ukunamathela kwe-inki.
3. enkambisweni yokushaya ifilimu, ngokuya ngezidingo ezikhethekile zefilimu, ukuvulwa okukodwa, ukuvulwa okuphindwe kabili, ukugoqwa, umonakalo wephuzu lokucindezela, ukuqopha, ukunwetshwa kanye neminye imisebenzi.
Inqubo yokuphrinta izikhwama ze-PE kufanele inake izinto ezilandelayo:
1.inki yokunyathelisa: uyinki osekelwe emanzini, uyinki owomisa ngokushesha, uyinki ongabonakali, uyinki oshintsha umbala, uyinki ophikisana nokukhwabanisa, uyinki wokungenisa, uyinki oqhubayo, uyinki ophansi we-elekthronikhi, uyinki ongama-matte nezinye izici zeyinki ziyiyinki.
2. Ipuleti lokuphrinta: ngokwezidingo ezincane zokuqukethwe kokuphrinta, kusetshenziswa ukuphrinta kwe-gravure (ipuleti lethusi) kanye nokuphrinta kwe-flexography (i-offset). Lezi zindlela ezimbili ezahlukene zokuphrinta.
3. Ngokuya ngobunzima bokuqukethwe kokuphrinta kanye nobunzima bombala, khetha indlela yokuphrinta: ukuphrinta kwe-monochrome, ukuphrinta kwe-monochrome okunezinhlangothi ezimbili, ukuphrinta kombala ohlangothini olulodwa, ukuphrinta kombala ohlangothini olulodwa.
4. Ngokuya ngezidingo ezikhethekile zamaphethini okuphrinta, ngokuya ngezici zokushintsha kombala, ukuvimbela ukwenziwa mbumbulu, ukuhanjiswa kukagesi, izinamathiseli nokunye, khetha uyinki noma izithasiselo ezahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-03-2022
