Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezikhwama zokupakisha ukudla ezisetshenziselwa ukupakisha ukudla, futhi zinokusebenza kwazo okuhlukile kanye nezici zazo. Namuhla sizoxoxa ngolwazi oluvame ukusetshenziswa ngezikhwama zokupakisha ukudla ukuze ubhekisele kuzo. Ngakho-ke siyini isikhwama sokupakisha ukudla? Izikhwama zokupakisha ukudla ngokuvamile zibhekisela kumapulasitiki afana neshidi anobukhulu obungaphansi kuka-0.25 mm njengamafilimu, futhi ukupakisha okuguquguqukayo okwenziwe ngamafilimu epulasitiki kusetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokudla. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezikhwama zokupakisha ukudla. Ziyabonakala, ziguquguquka, zinokumelana okuhle kwamanzi, ukumelana nomswakama kanye nezakhiwo zokuvimbela igesi, amandla amahle omshini, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile, ukumelana nowoyela, kulula ukuziphrinta kahle, futhi zingavalwa ngokushisa zibe yizikhwama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukupakisha okuguquguquka kokudla okuvame ukusetshenziswa ngokuvamile kwakhiwa izendlalelo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zamafilimu ahlukene, angahlukaniswa ngokuvamile abe ungqimba lwangaphandle, ungqimba oluphakathi kanye nongqimba lwangaphakathi ngokwezikhundla zawo.
Yiziphi izidingo zokusebenza kwesendlalelo ngasinye samafilimu okupakisha ukudla asetshenziswa njalo? Okokuqala, ifilimu yangaphandle ngokuvamile iyaphrintwa, ayiklwebheki, futhi ayimelani nemidiya. Izinto ezisetshenziswa njalo zifaka i-OPA, i-PET, i-OPP, namafilimu agqokiwe. Ifilimu yesendlalelo esiphakathi ngokuvamile inemisebenzi efana nokuvimbela, ukufiphaza ukukhanya, kanye nokuvikela ngokomzimba. Izinto ezisetshenziswa njalo zifaka i-BOPA, i-PVDC, i-EVOH, i-PVA, i-PEN, i-MXD6, i-VMPET, i-AL, njll. Bese kuba nefilimu yangaphakathi, ngokuvamile enemisebenzi yokuvimbela, ukuvala, kanye ne-anti-media. Izinto ezisetshenziswa njalo yi-CPP, i-PE, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinto zinesendlalelo sangaphandle kanye nesendlalelo esiphakathi. Isibonelo, i-BOPA ingasetshenziswa njengesendlalelo sangaphandle sokuphrinta, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengesendlalelo esiphakathi ukudlala indima ethile yokuvimbela kanye nokuvikela ngokomzimba.
Izici zefilimu yokupakishwa eguquguqukayo yokudla ezisetshenziswa njalo, ngokuvamile, izinto zesendlalelo sangaphandle kufanele zibe nokumelana nokuklwebheka, ukumelana nokubhoboza, ukuvikelwa kwe-UV, ukumelana nokukhanya, ukumelana namafutha, ukumelana nezinto eziphilayo, ukumelana nokushisa nokubanda, ukumelana nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka, okuphrintekayo, okuzinzile ekushiseni, iphunga eliphansi, eliphansi. Ayinaphunga, ayinabuthi, iyacwebezela, iyabonakala, inombala kanye nochungechunge lwezakhiwo; izinto zesendlalelo esiphakathi ngokuvamile kufanele zibe nokumelana nomthelela, ukumelana nokucindezelwa, ukumelana nokubhoboza, ukumelana nomswakama, ukumelana negesi, ukugcinwa kwamakha, ukumelana nokukhanya, ukumelana namafutha, ukumelana nezinto eziphilayo, ukumelana nokushisa nokubanda, ukumelana nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka, amandla ahlanganisiwe azinhlangothi zombili, ukunambitheka okuphansi, iphunga eliphansi, elingenabuthi, elisobala, elingangeni ukukhanya kanye nezinye izakhiwo; khona-ke izinto zesendlalelo sangaphakathi, ngaphezu kwezinye izakhiwo ezivamile zesendlalelo sangaphandle nesendlalelo esiphakathi, nazo zinezakhiwo zazo ezihlukile, okumele zibe nokugcinwa kwamakha, ukumuncwa okuphansi kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa nokuvuza. Intuthuko yamanje yezikhwama zokupakisha ukudla imi kanje:
1. Izikhwama zokupakisha ukudla ezenziwe ngezinto ezinobungani nemvelo.
2. Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko futhi kongiwe izinsiza, izikhwama zokupakisha ukudla ziya ngokuya zincipha.
3. Izikhwama zokupakisha ukudla ziyathuthuka zibheke emisebenzini ekhethekile. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezinomkhawulo ophezulu zizoqhubeka nokwandisa umthamo wemakethe. Esikhathini esizayo, amafilimu anomkhawulo ophezulu anezinzuzo zokucubungula okulula, ukusebenza okuqinile komoya-mpilo kanye nokuvimbela umhwamuko wamanzi, kanye nokuphila okuthuthukisiwe kweshelufu kuzoba yinto eyinhloko yokupakisha ukudla okuguquguqukayo ezitolo ezinkulu esikhathini esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-26-2022
